Methods to develop Campanula (kam-pan-u-la)

From the Latin campanula, a little bit bell, therefore the widespread title, Bellflower (Campanulaceae). A massive genus of annuals, biennials and perennials for rising within the border, wild backyard, rock backyard and greenhouse; extensively distributed over the Northern Hemisphere.

Border species cultivated C. x burghaltii, 2-i toes, massive lavender bells, June and July, sandy soil. C. carpatica, 9 inches, edging plant, additionally rock backyard, flowers blue, July and August, plant within the autumn earlier than leaves die down, avoiding dormant season; vars. `Ditton Blue’, 6 inches, indigo; ‘Harvest Moon’, violet-blue; ‘Queen of Somerville’, 15 inches, pale blue; turbinata, 6 inches, purple-blue; turbinata pallida, 6 inches, china-blue; ‘White Star’, 1 foot. C. grandis (syn. C. • latiloba), 3 toes, sturdy, moderately stiff development, flowers close-set in spikes, open flat, blue, June and July, creeping root-stock, raise each third yr, grows in shade. C. lactiflora, the best of the bellflowers, 4-5 toes, establishes properly in good moist soil, stem erect, lined with foliage, branching to trusses of lavender flowers, July and August; vars. ‘Loddon Anna’, pale pink; ‘Pritchard’s Selection’, deep blue; ‘Pouffe’, 1 foot, dwarf selection, gentle blue. C. latifolia, 2 toes, blue, June to August, straightforward to develop, tolerates shade; vars. alba, white flowers; ‘Brantwood’, 4 toes, violet-purple; macrantha, deep violet flowers, this species typically attracts blackfly. C. persicifolia, the peach-leaved bellflower, 2-i-3 toes, finest species to develop within the shade, sends out stolons and types rosettes of leaves from which the wiry flowering stem grows, producing lavender flowers in June and July; vars. ‘Fleur de Neige’, 2 toes, semi-double white; ‘Snowdrift’, single white; ‘Telham Magnificence’, massive, single, lavender-blue; ‘Wedgwood Blue’; Wirral Belle’, good double deep blue; additionally combined ‘Large Hybrids’. C. rotundifolia, 3-4 inches, the English harebell and Scottish bluebell, well-known on chalk and lightweight soils, bears single nodding delicate flowers, July and August; var. olympica, 9 inches, lavender-blue, June to September. C. sarmatica, 1i toes, spikes of pale blue flowers, July, greyish leaves.

Rock backyard These are primarily dwarf species which require a gritty, well-drained soil and an open, sunny place, besides the place famous. All are summer-flowering except in any other case said. C. abietina, 6 inches, violet. C. alliariaefolia, 2 toes, white. C. arvatica, 3 inches, deep violet, wants scree situations; var. alba, white. C. aucheri, 4-6 inches, tufted behavior, deep purple, early. C. bellidifolia, 4 inches, purplish blue. C. calaminthifolia, prostrate, gray leaves, tender blue flowers, alpine home. C. carpatica (as border species). C. cochlearifolia (syn. C. pusilla), 3 inches, vibrant blue; vars. alba, white ; ‘Jewel’ 4 inches, massive, blue ; pallida, pale blue. C. elatines, 6 inches, purple blue. C. formaneckiana, 15 inches, silver-grey leaves, pale blue or white flowers, monocarpic, finest within the alpine home. C. garganica, 4 inches, blue, good wall plant; vars. hirsuta, gentle blue, furry leaves, Could onwards; ‘W. H. Paine’, darkish blue, white centres. C. hallii, 4 inches, white. C. herzegovinensis nana, 1 inch, deep blue. C. jenkinsae, 6 inches, white. C. kemmulariae, 9-12 inches, mauve-blue. C. linifolia, 9 inches, purple. C. nitida (syn. C. planiflora), 9 inches, blue; var. alba, 6 inches, white. C. portenschlagiana (syn. C. muralis) 6 inches, trailing, purple, good wall plant. C. poscharskyana, 6 inches, powder blue, partitions or banks; var. lilacina, lilac. C. pulla, 4 inches, violet, likes limy soil. C. raddeana, 1 foot, deep violet. C. raineri, 1 inch, china-blue, scree plant. C. sarmatica, 9 inches, grey-blue leaves and flowers. C. saxifraga, 4 inches, deep purple. C. speciosa, 9 inches, purple blue. C. stansfieldii, 4 inches, violet. C. tridentata, 4-6 inches, deep blue. C. valdensis, 6 inches, gray leaves, violet flowers. C. warleyensis, 3 inches, blue, double.

Rock backyard cultivars ‘Birch Hybrid’ (C. portenschlagiana x C. poscharskyana), 9 inches, purple blue; ‘G. F. Wilson’, 4 inches, violet-blue; ‘Persistence Bell’, 3-4 inches, wealthy blue; ‘Profusion’, 4-5 inches, blue; ‘R. B. Loder’, semi-double, mid-blue. Wild backyard The expansion of those is too rampant for the border. C. barbata, 1 foot, clear pale blue flowers. C. glomerata, native plant, 1 toes, head of closely-packed deep purple flowers, June to August; vars. acaulis, 6 inches, violet-blue flowers; dahurica, 1 foot, violet; superba, 1 foot, purple. C. rapunculoides, 5 toes, drooping flowers, deep blue, spreads quickly. C. thyrsoides, 1 foot, yellow bells in closely-packed spike, summer season, monocarpic. C. trachelium, 2 toes, purple-blue flowers on erect stems June and July.

Greenhouse C. pyramidalis, the chimney bellflower, a biennial, 4-5 toes, spectacular, lined with white or lavender flowers. C. isophylla, a trailing plant for hanging baskets or edge of greenhouse staging, lilac-blue flowers, summer season; vars. alba, white flowers, mayi, woolly variegated leaves.

Biennial C. medium, Canterbury bell, 2i toes, in shades of pink and blue, and in addition white types; vars. calycanthema, the cup-and-saucer sort; fore pleno, double, 3 toes, with white, blue or pink flowers. Cultivars embody ‘Dean’s Hybrids’ with single or double flowers.

Annual C. ramosissima, 6-12 inches, pale blue to violet, that is not typically grown however could also be used to fill gaps in borders. Sow seed in early April and skinny seedlings to 4-6 inches aside.

Cultivation: Border Most of the border campanulas could also be grown in partial shade; most like a well-cultivated soil. Plant in spring or autumn. Stake tall species. They’re propagated by seed sown in pans in very effective compost, with no protecting of soil, put in a shaded body. Prick out seedlings and harden them off earlier than planting out. Propagate crops with creeping roots by division in autumn.

Rock backyard Propagate these varieties by seed sown in March in frames, by division in spring, or by cuttings after flowering. Wild backyard Plant out varieties appropriate for the wild backyard in spring or autumn, in solar or partial shade. Propagate them by seed or division as for border varieties.

Biennial Seed of C. pyramidalis is sown in pans in a chilly body in Could and the seedlings potted up singly. Pot on till they’re lastly in 8-inch pots. Develop them in cool situations, giving them ample air flow. Vegetation can also be used out-of-doors within the border. Canterbury bells (C. medium) are raised in a shady web site from seed sown in Could or June. The mattress ought to have a really effective tilth, and seed drills ought to be shallow; or sow in bins in finely sieved soil and put the bins in a body, transplant seedlings to a nursery mattress 6 inches aside. Set out in autumn the place the crops are to flower. having added lime to the soil. C. isophylla and its varieties are propagated by cuttings taken in early summer season and rooted in a greenhouse propagating body. Potting compost is an acceptable rising medium; the plant does finest in a chilly greenhouse or conservatory as it’s practically hardy and, certainly, could survive outdoor in sheltered gardens. It might be used for planting up hanging baskets supposed for outside ornament in summer season.